Bluegill

Bluegill

Lepomis macrochirus

Least Concern

Quick Facts

Kingdom: Animalia
Abundance: Abundant
Habitat: Wetland
Active Seasons: Spring, Summer
Activity: Crepuscular (Active at dawn/dusk)
Lifespan: 4-6 years

Usually olive-colored with a purple luster, greenish stripes, and a large black spot at the rear of the dorsal fin. The sides of its head and chin are commonly a dark shade of blue, hence the name “bluegill”. Bluegills are most commonly found in lily ponds and around docks and boat landings. A favorite of both fly and bobber fisherman, the freshwater Bluegill is the most popular freshwater sport fish in the U.S. and is known as a tasty pan fish (just the right size for frying whole in the pan). State regulations apply, but “keeping size” is generally the span of your hand or larger.

Diet

Bluegills are carnivores, primarily eating invertebrates such as snails, worms, shrimp, aquatic insects, small crayfish, and zooplankton.

Activity Pattern

Crepuscular (Active at dawn/dusk)
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Centrarchiformes
Family: Centrarchidae
Genus: Lepomis
Species: Lepomis macrochirus

Scientific Name

Lepomis macrochirus

Common Name

Bluegill
Breeding Season
May-August
Lifespan
4-6 years

Behavior

Bluegill are most active at dawn. During the day they stay hidden under cover, and they move to shallow water to spend the night. Bluegill are social and schools may contain 10 to 20 fish.

Ecological Role

Bluegills play an important role in pond and lake management to keep crustacean and insect populations low, as a single bluegill population may eat up to six times its own weight in just one summer.

Active Seasons

Spring Summer

Activity Pattern

Crepuscular (Active at dawn/dusk)

Habitat Types

Wetland

Geographic Distribution

The bluegill occurs naturally in the United States east of the Rocky Mountains from coastal Virginia to Florida, west to Texas and northern Mexico, and north to western Minnesota, New York and southeastern Ontario.

Local Abundance

Abundant

Conservation Status

Least Concern

This species is widespread and abundant. No immediate threat to survival.

How You Can Help

  • Report sightings to contribute to population monitoring
  • Support habitat conservation efforts
  • Follow guidelines when observing wildlife
No field notes or observations available for this species.

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