Common Name

Eastern Fox Squirrel

Scientific Name

Sciurus niger

The largest species of tree squirrels native to North America. Although the coloration of the Fox Squirrel varies throughout the U.S., most are brown-grey to brown-yellow. They spend more time on the ground than other tree squirrels, but are still agile climbers. The Fox Squirrel is slower moving than the Gray Squirrel and is not as wary of people.

  • Kingdom: Animalia
  • Phylum: Chordata
  • Class: Mammalia
  • Order: Rodentia
  • Family: Sciuridae
  • Genus: Sciurus
  • Species: Sciurus niger
Habitat

Forest, Urban

Distribution

Fox squirrels are found throughout the eastern and central United States, south into northern Mexico, and north into Canada.

Abundance

Common

Activity Time

Diurnal

Diet

mast (fruit of forest trees and shrubs), tree buds, insects, tubers, bulbs, roots, bird eggs, pine nuts and spring-fruiting trees, and fungi

Behavior

Primarily arboreal and diurnal. Generally, fox squirrels are not gregarious, although they come together during the breeding season when females are in estrus. Squirrels threaten one another by an upright stance with their tail over their back, followed by a quick flick of the tail.

Ecological Role

Conservation Status

Least Concern

Threats & Impacts

Notes