Common Name

North American Racer

Scientific Name

Coluber constrictor

North American Racers are nonvenomous snakes with very smooth shiny scales. Their color variations range from black, bluish, gray, to olive brown. The head is narrow but still wider than the neck with very distinct brow ridges. The chin and throat areas vary from white to yellowish. Juvenile racers are strongly patterned with grays, browns, and reds which fades as they age.

  • Kingdom: Animalia
  • Phylum: Chordata
  • Class: Reptilia
  • Order: Squamata
  • Family: Colubridae
  • Genus: Coluber
  • Species: Coluber constrictor
Habitat

Forest, Grassland, Wetland, Urban

Distribution

Found throughout much of the United States, on both sides of the Rocky Mountains, but it also ranges north into Canada and south into Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize.

Abundance

Common

Activity Time

Diurnal

Diet

Diet consists primarily of small rodents, other mammals, frogs, toads, small turtles, lizards, and other snakes.

Behavior

The North American racers are fast-moving, highly active, diurnal snakes. They are curious snakes with excellent vision. They are visual hunters and are often seen raising their heads above the ground to get a better view of their surroundings, a behavior dubbed "periscoping" by snake enthusiasts. Aptly named, racers are very fast and typically flee from a potential predator. However, once cornered, they put up a vigorous fight, biting hard and often.

Ecological Role

Racers are beneficial to humans in that they control rodent and insect pest populations

Conservation Status

Least Concern

Threats & Impacts

Pesticide residue poses a danger to insectivorous young racers. The dangers faced by adults include their habitat reduction because of agriculture and suburban/urban development along with direct killing of snakes by people

Notes